Aberrant Cas9 expression from mammalian promoters in E. coli causes guide-specific toxicity that skews CRISPR library representation in all-in-one Cas9 vectors. Replacing EF-1α with PGK reduces ...

Directed evolution of an orthogonal ribosome improves the efficiency of unnatural amino acid incorporation in vivo. Figure 1: Strategy for site-specific insertion of amino acid analogs into proteins.