Variants in cytochrome P450 enzymes are known risk factors for developing adverse drug reactions (ADR). Most antidepressants (AD) are simultaneously metabolized by major or minor pathway of CYP2C19 ...

Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes play a critical role in metabolising many medications. Genetic variants in these enzymes significantly influence drug response across individuals and ethnic groups 1,2,3.

When older adults living in nursing homes are prescribed the pain medicine tramadol alongside certain antidepressants, their risk of seizures may go up, according to a study published October 8, 2025, ...