Animal bodies are hierarchically organised from molecules and cells through tissues, organs and whole systems. Cellular architecture—membranes, cytoskeletons and extracellular matrices—provides ...

Collagen is characterised by a right-handed triple helix formed from three left-handed polyproline II helical chains. Each chain follows a Gly-X-Y repeating motif, in which glycine occupies the ...

Before cells can divide by mitosis, they first need to replicate all of their chromosomes, so that each of the daughter cells can receive a full set of genetic material. Scientists have until now ...